Oxolabdanes

ABSTRACT

Novel oxolabdanes, intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, and methods for reducing intraocular pressure utilizing compounds or compositions thereof are disclosed.

This is a division of application Ser. No. 07/653,823 filed Feb. 11,1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,130,332 which is a continuation of applicationSer. No. 07/493,610 filed Mar. 15, 1990, now abandoned, which is adivisional of application Ser. No. 07/381,885 filed Jul. 19, 1989, nowU.S. Pat. No. 4,933,476 which is a divisional of application Ser. No.07/153,631 filed on Feb. 8, 1988, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,883,885 which is adivisional of application Ser. No. 06/901,337 filed on Aug. 28, 1986 nowU.S. Pat. No. 4,740,522.

The present invention relates to oxolabdanes. More particularly, thepresent invention relates to oxolabdanes of formula 1 ##STR1## wherein:

(a) Z a group of the formula CO, a group of the formula CHOR₁ wherein R₁is hydrogen, a group of the formula R₂ CO wherein R₂ is hydrogen orloweralkyl, or group of the formula R₃ R₄ R₅ Si wherein R₃, R₄ and R₅are loweralkyl;

(b) is a group of the formula CO, a group of the formula CHOR₆ whereinR₆ is hydrogen, a group of the formula R₈ CO wherein R₈ is hydrogen,loweralkyl, CH₃ CHOH, HOCH₂ CHOH, ##STR2## a group of the formula R₁₀O(CH₂)_(n) wherein R₁₀ is hydrogen or loweralkyl and n is 2, 3 or 4;

(c) R₇ is hydrogen, a group of the formula R₈ CO wherein R₈ is hydrogen,loweralkyl, CH₃ CHOH, HOCH₂ CHOH, ##STR3## a group of the formula R₁₀O(CH₂)_(n) wherein R₁₀ is hydrogen or loweralkyl and n is 2, 3 or 4;

(d) R₉ is hydrogen or a group of the formula OR₁₃ wherein R₁₃ ishydrogen;

(e) R₆ and R₇ taken together form a group of the formula CO or a groupof the formula SO;

(f) R₁ and R₁₃ taken together form a group of the formula CO, a group ofthe formula SO, or a group of the formula CHNR₁₄ R₁₅ wherein R₁₄ and R₁₅are loweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that thecompound exists exclusively as the 11-keto tautomer when R₉ is OR₁₃wherein R₁₃ is hydrogen, the optical and geometric isomers thereof, or apharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, which are usefulfor reducing intraocular pressure, alone or in combination with inertadjuvants.

Subgeneric to the oxolabdanes of the present invention are compounds offormula 1 wherein:

(a) W is a group of the formula CO; Z is a group of the formula CHOR₁wherein R₁ is hydrogen or a group of the formula R₂ CO wherein R₂ isloweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and R₉ is a group of the formula OR₁₃wherein R₁₃ is hydrogen;

(b) W is a group of the formula CO; Z is a group of the formula CHOR₁wherein R₁ is hydrogen or a group of the formula R₂ CO wherein R₂ isloweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and R₉ is hydrogen;

(c) W is a group of the formula CH₂ ; Z is a group of the formula CO ora group of the formula CHOR₁ wherein R₁ is a group of the formula R₂ COwherein R₂ is loweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y is a group of theformula CO; and R₉ is hydrogen;

(d) R₆ and R₇ taken together form a group of the formula CO or a groupof the formula SO;

(e) R₁ and R₇ taken together form a group of the formula CO or a groupof the formula SO; and

(f) R₁ and R₁₃ taken together form a group of the formula CHNR₁₄ R₁₅.

The present invention also relates to compounds of formula ##STR4##wherein R₁, R₆ and R₇ are each independently hydrogen or a group of theformula R₁₆ CO wherein R₁₆ is loweralkyl, or the optical and geomericisomers thereof, which are useful for reducing intraocular pressure andas intermediates for the preparation of the oxolabdanes of the presentinvention.

As used through the specification and appended claims, the term "alkyl"refers to a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon radical containing nounsaturation and having 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl,1-propyl, 2-propyl, 1-butyl, 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-hexyl, 4-heptyl,2-octyl, and the like; the term "alkanol" refers to a compound formed bya combination of an alkyl group and a hydroxy radical. Examples ofalkanols are methanol, ethanol, 1- and 2-propanol, 1,2-dimethylethanol,hexanol, octanol and the like. The term "alkanoic acid" refers to acompound formed by combination of a carboxyl group with a hydrogen atomsor alkyl group. Examples of alkanoic acids are formic acid, acetic acid,propanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylacetic acid, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid,and the like; the term "halogen" refers to a number of the familyconsisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. The term "alkanoyl"refers to the radical formed by removal of the hydroxyl function from analkanoic acid. Examples of alkanoyl groups are formyl, acetyl,propionyl, 2,2-dimethylacetyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, and the like. Theterm "acyl" encompasses the term "alkanoyl" and refers to the radicalderived from an organic acid by removal of the hydroxyl function.Examples of acyl radicals are tetrahydrofuroyl,2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolanoyl, 1,4-dioxolanoyl, methoxyacetoxy, and thelike. The term "lower" as applied to any of the aforementioned groupsrefers to a group having a carbon skeleton containing up to andincluding 6 carbon atoms.

In the formulas presented herein the various substituents areillustrated as joined to the labdane nucleus by one of two notations: asolid line (--) indicating a substituent which is in the β-orientation(i.e., above the plane of the molecule) and a broken line (---)indicating a substituent which is in the α-orientation (i.e, below theplane of the molecule). The formulas have all been drawn to show thecompounds in their absolute stereochemical configuration. Inasmuch asthe starting materials having a labdane nucleus are naturally occurringor are derived from naturally occurring materials, they, as well as thefinal products, have a labdane nucleus existing in the single absoluteconfiguration depicted herein. The processes of the present invention,however, are intended to apply as well to the synthesis of labdanes ofthe racemic series.

In addition to the optical centers of the labdane nucleus, thesubstituents thereon may also contain chiral centers contributing to theoptical properties of the compounds of the present invention andproviding a means for the resolution thereof by conventional methods,for example, by the use of optically active acids. A wavy line (˜)connecting a group to a chiral center indicates that the stereochemistryof the center is unknown, i.e., the group may exist in any of thepossible orientations. The present invention comprehends all opticalisomers and racemic forms of the compounds of the present inventionwhere such compounds have chiral centers in addition to those of thelabdane nucleus.

The novel oxolabdanes of the present invention are synthesized by theprocesses illustrated in Reaction Schemes A, B, and C.

To prepare an 11,12-dioxolabdane 4, an 11-oxolabdane 2 wherein R₁ ishydrogen is oxidized to an 11,12-dioxo-9α-hydroxylabdane 3 which isreduced to 4. The oxidation is performed by treating 2 with seleniumdioxide in a heteroaromatic solvent. Among heteroaromatic solvents theremay be mentioned pyridine, picoline, lutidine and collidine. Pyridine isthe preferred solvent. While the reaction temperature is not critical,the oxidation is preferably conducted at the reflux temperature ofmedium to promote a reasonable rate of reaction. The reduction isperformed by treating 3, characterized by the presence of a 9α-hydroxygroup, with zinc in an alkanoic acid. Included among alkanoic acids areacetic acid, propionic acid, and the like. Acetic acid is preferred.While the reduction temperature is not narrowly critical, it isgenerally performed at a temperature within the range of about 0° toabout 50° C., a reduction temperature of about 25° C. being preferred.This process for the preparation of an 11,12-dioxolabdane 4 is preferredfor the preparation of those compounds wherein R₁ and R₆ are hydrogenand R₇ is a group of the formula R₈ CO wherein R₈ is alkyl, and alsoprovides access to 11,12-dioxo-9α-hydroxylabdanes 3 wherein R₁ and R₉are hydroxy and R₇ is a group of the formula R₈ CO wherein R₈ is alkyl.

To prepare an 11,12-dioxolabdane of formula 4 wherein R₁ is R₂ CO and R₆and R₇ are R₈ CO wherein R₂ and R₈ are alkyl, an 11-oxolabdane 2 whereinR₁, R₆, and R₇ are as above is oxidized with selenium dioxide in aheteroaromatic solvent such as pyridine under substantially the samecondition as those described for the synthesis of 3 wherein R₁ and R₆are hydroxy and R₇ is R₈ CO wherein R₈ is alkyl.

11,12-Dioxolabdanes 3 bearing hydroxyl and/or alkanoyloxy groups at the1-, 6-, and 7-positions may be selectively alkanoylated or hydrolyzed bymethods known in the art to provide hydroxy- and/oralkanoyloxy-11,12-dioxolabdanes 3, i.e., compounds of formula 3 whereinR₁ is hydrogen or R₂ CO wherein R₂ is alkyl and R₆ and R₇ are hydrogenor R₈ CO wherein R₈ is alkyl.

To prepare a 6β-alkanoyloxy-11,12-dioxolabdane 3 wherein R₆ is R₈ COwherein R₈ is alkyl, a 7β-alkanoyloxy-11,12-dioxolabdane 4 wherein R₇ isR₈ CO wherein R₈ is alkyl may be rearranged by, for example, treatmentwith either sodium hydroxide in methanol or lithiumbis(trimethylsilyl)amide in tetrahydrofuran.

To elaborate an 11,12-dioxolabdane 3 having a silyl group at the1-position, i.e., a compound of formula 3 wherein R₁ is R₃ R₄ R₅ Siwherein R₃, R₄, and R₅ are alkyl, one may treat an 11,12-dioxolabdane 3wherein R₁ is hydrogen with, for example, t-butyldimethylsilyltrifluoromethanesulfonate in triethylamine at a reaction temperature ofabout 25° C.

To introduce an acyl function at the 1-position of the labdane nucleus,i.e., to prepare an 11,12-dioxolabdane of formula 3 wherein R₁ is acyl,a 1 -hydroxylabdane 3 wherein R₁ is hydrogen may be treated with anorganic acid of formula 12

    R.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H                                         12

wherein R₂ is as hereinbeforedescribed in dichloromethane in thepresence of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and a catalyst such as4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine at a reaction temperature of about 25° C.To introduce an acyl function at the 6- or 7-positions of the labdanenucleus, i.e., to prepare an 11,12-dioxolabdane of formula 3 wherein R₆and/or R₇ is acyl, a 6β,β-dihydroxylabdane 3 wherein R₆ or R₇ ishydrogen may be treated with an organic acid of formula 13

    R.sub.8 CO.sub.2 H                                         13

wherein R₈ is as hereinbeforedescribed under conditions substantiallysimilar to those employed for the introduction of an acyl function atthe 1-position.

To introduce a 6β,β-sulfite or 6β,β-carbonate function into an11,12-oxolabdane 3, i.e., to prepare a compound of formula 3 wherein R₆and R₇ taken together form a group of the formula SO or a group of theformula CO, respectively, a 6β,β-dihydroxylabdane of formula 3 may becontacted with a compound of formula 14

    HalXHal                                                    14

wherein X is SO or CO and Hal is bromo or chloro, preferably chloro, inpyridine at a reaction temperature of about 0° C.

In addition, by condensing a 1α,9α-dihydroxy-11,12-dioxolabdane 3, i.e,a compound of formula 3 wherein R₁ and R₁₃ are hydrogen, with a halide14 wherein X is SO or CO under the hereinbeforedescribed processconditions, one may obtain, respectively, a 1α,9α-sulfite or a1α,9α-carbonate, i.e., compounds of formula 3 wherein R₁ and R₁₃ takentogether form a group of the formula SO or a group of the formula CO,respectively.

To construct an 11,12-dioxolabdane 3 wherein R₁ and R₁₃ form a group ofthe formula CHNR₁₄ R₁₅ wherein R₁₄ and R₁₅ are 3 loweralkyl, i.e., an11,12-dioxolabdane-1α,9α-dihydroxylabdane is condensed with a formamidedialkylacetal of formula 15

    (R.sub.17 O).sub.2 CHNR.sub.14 R.sub.15                    15

wherein R₁₇ alkyl and R₁₄ and R₁₅ are as above neat or in the presenceof dimethylformamide at a condensation temperature of about 45° to about65° C.

By applying the aforedescribed alkanoylation, hydrolysis, rearrangement,silylation, acylation, sulfite and carbonate formation, and condensationreactions to an 11,12-dioxo-9α-hydroxylabdane, i.e., a compound offormula 3 wherein R₁₃ is hydrogen, and subsequently performing theaforementioned reduction, alkanoyloxy, hydroxy, silyl, acyl, sulfite,and carbonate derivatives of 4 may be prepared.

To furnish a 1,6,11-trioxolabd-14-ene 6 wherein R₇ is R₈ CO wherein R₈is alkyl, a 1α,6β-dihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one 5 wherein R₇ is as above isoxidized with a benzeneseleninic anhydride of formula 16 ##STR5##wherein R₁₈ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro ortrifluoromethyl in the presence of an alkali metal hydride and anaromatic solvent. Among alkali metal hydrides are lithium hydride,potassium hydride and sodium hydride. Among aromatic solvents arebenzene, toluene, and xylene. Benzeneseleninic anhydride is thepreferred oxidizing agent. Sodium hydride and toluene the preferredalkali metal hydride and reaction solvent. While the reactiontemperature is not narrowly critical, it is preferred to conduct theoxidation at the reflux temperature of the reaction medium to assure areasonable rate of reaction.

To modify the substituent at the 7-position of a compound of formula 6,a 7β-alkanoyloxylabd-14-en-1,6,11-trione 6 wherein R₇ is R₈ CO whereinR₈ is alkyl, may be hydrolyzed under conventional conditions employing,for example, sodium carbonate in methanol to provide a 7β-hydroxylabdane6 wherein R₇ is hydrogen and then condensed with an organic acid 13,i.e, an substantially similar to those hereinbeforedescribed to providecompounds of formula 6 wherein R₇ is as described above.

Similarly, to prepare a 6,11-dioxolabd-14-ene 8 wherein R₁ and R₇ are,respectively, R₂ CO and R₈ CO wherein R₂ and R₈ are alkyl, a6β-hydroxylabd-14-en-11-one 7 is oxidized with a benzeneseleninicanhydride 16 under essentially the same conditions utilized for theconversion of 5 to 6. The C₁ - and C₇ - alkanoyoxy groups of the6,11-dioxolabdane 8, i.e., a compound of formula 8 wherein R₂ and R₈ arealkyl, may be hydrolyzed as discussed above to afford a1α,7β-dihydroxylabd-14-en-6,11-dione 8 wherein R₁ and R₇ are hydrogen,which hydroxyl groups may be modified by condensation with a carboxylicacid of the formula R₈ CO₂ H under reaction conditions also as discussedabove.

The labdane starting material for the processes of the present inventionare fabricated from readily available precursors. For example,7β-acetoxy-1α,6β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11-one, i.e., thecompound of formula 9 wherein R₇ is R₈ CO wherein R₈ is methyl, isrearranged by means of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide intetrahydrofuran to6β-acetoxy-1α,7β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11-one, i.e., a compoundof formula 10 wherein R₆ is R₈ CO wherein R₈ is methyl, which isaceylated by acetic anhydride to8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,7β-triacetoxylabd-14-en-11-one 11, i.e., a compound offormula 11 wherein R₁ is R₂ CO and R₆ and R₇ are R₈ CO wherein R₂ and R₈are methyl.

The labdanes of the present invention are useful in the treatment ofelevated intraocular pressure by virtue of their ability to reduceintraocular pressure as determined by the method described by J.Caprioli, et al., Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 25, 268 (1984). Theresults of the determination express as percent decrease of outflowpressure is presented in the Table.

                  TABLE                                                           ______________________________________                                                                     Decrease in                                                      Concentration                                                                              Outflow                                          Compound        (%)          Pressure (%)                                     ______________________________________                                        7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-                                                                   2            25.8                                             1α, 6β, 9α-trihydroxylabd-                                   14-en-11,12-dione                                                             7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-                                                                   1.0          51                                               1α, 6β, 9α-trihydroxy-                                                       0.1          23                                               labd-14-en-11-one                                                             ______________________________________                                    

Intraocular pressure reduction is achieved when the present labdanes areadministered to a subject requiring such treatment as an effectivetopical dose of a 0.01 to 3.0% solution or suspension. A particularlyeffective amount is about 3 drops of a 1% preparation per day. It is tobe understood, however, that for any particular subject, specific dosageregimens should be adjusted according to the individual need and theprofessional judgment of the person administering or supervising theadministration of the aforesaid compound. It is to be further understoodthat the dosages set forth herein are exemplary only and that they donot, to any extent, limit the scope or practice of the invention.

Compounds of the invention include:

(1)7β-acetoxy-6β,9α-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxy-1α-formyloxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(2)7β-acetoxy-1α-(t-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-6β,9α-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(3) 1α,7β-diacetoxy-6β,9α-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(4)7β-acetoxy-1α,9β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxy-6β-formyloxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(5) 6β,7β-diacetoxy-1α,9α-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(6)8,13-epoxy-6β-[(2-hydroxypropionyl)oxy]-1α,7β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(7)8,13-epoxy-6β-[(2-tetrahydrofuroyl)oxy]-1α,7β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione.

(8)6β-[(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)carbonyloxy]-8,13-epoxy-1α,7β,9.alpha.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(9)6β-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolano-4-yl)carbonyloxy]-8,13-epoxy-1α,7β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(10)8,13-epoxy-6β-(methoxyacetoxy)-1α,7β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(11)8,13-epoxy-6β-[(2,3-dihydroxypropionyl)oxy]-1α,7β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(12) 8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,7β,9α-tetrahydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(13) 8,13-epoxy-7β-formyloxy-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabad-14-en-11,12-dione;

(14)8,13-epoxy-7β-[(2-hydroxypropionyl)oxy]-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(15)8,13-epoxy-7β-[(2-tetrahydrofuroyl)oxy]-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(16)7β-[(1,4-dioxan-2-yl)carbonyloxy]-8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,9.alpha.-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(17)7β-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolano-4-yl)carbonyloxy)]-8,13-epoxy-1.alpha.,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(18)8,13-epoxy-7β-(methoxyacetoxy)-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione;

(19)8,13-epoxy-7β-[(2,3-dihydroxypropionyl)oxy)-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-4-en-11,12-dione;

(20)7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione-1,9-carbonate;

(21)7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione-1,9-sulfite;

(22)1α-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α,7β,9α-trihydroxylabad-14-en-11,12-dione-6,7-carbonate;

(23)1α-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-6β,7β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione-6,7-sulfite;and

(24)7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione-1,9-dimethylformamideacetal.

Effective amounts of the compounds of the present invention may beadministered to a subject by any one of various methods, for example,orally as in capsules or tablets, parenterally in the form of sterilesolutions or suspensions, in some cases intravenously in the form ofsterile solutions, or suspensions, and topically in the form ofsolutions, suspension or ointments, and by aerosol spray. The labdanesof the present invention, while effective themselves, may be formulatedand administered in the form of their pharmaceutically acceptableaddition salts for purposes of increased solubility and the like.

Preferred pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts include salts ofmineral acids for example, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acidand the like, salts of monobasic carboxylic acids such as, for example,acetic acid, propionic acid and the like, salts of dibasic carboxylicacids such as, for example, maleic acid, fumaric acid and the like, andsalts of tribasic carboxylic acids such as, for example, citric acid andthe like.

Effective quantities of the compounds of the invention may beadministered orally, for example, with an inert diluent or with anedible carrier. They may be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressedinto tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration, theaforesaid compounds may be incorporated with excipients and used in theform of tablets, troches, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups,wafers, chewing gums and the like. These preparations should contain atleast 0.5% of active compound, but may be varied depending upon theparticular form and may conveniently be between 4% to about 70% of theweight of the unit. The amount of active compound in such composition issuch that a suitable dosage will be obtained. Preferred compositions andpreparations according to the present invention are prepared so that anoral dosage unit form contains between 0.1-30 milligrams of the activecompound.

The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like may also contain thefollowing ingredients: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gumtragancanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, adisintegrating agent such as alginic acid, corn starch and the like; alubricant such as magnesium stearate; a glidant such as colloidalsilicon dioxide; and a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin ora flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orangeflavoring may be added. When the dosage unit form is a capsule, it maycontain, in addition to materials of the above type, a liquid carriersuch as a fatty oil. Other dosage unit forms may contain other variousmaterials which modify the physical form of the dosage unit, for exampleas coating. Thus, tablets or pills may be coated with sugar, shellac, orother enteric coating agents. A syrup may contain, in addition to theactive compounds, sucrose as a sweetening agent and certainpreservatives, dyes and colorings and flavors. Materials used inpreparing these various compositions should be pharmaceutically pure andnon-toxic in the amounts used.

For the purpose of parenteral or topical therapeutic administration, theactive compounds of the invention may be incorporated into a solution,suspension, ointment or cream. These preparations should contain atleast 0.01% of active compound, but may be varied between 0.5 and about5% of the weight thereof. The amount of active compounds in suchcompositions is such that a suitable dosage will be obtained. Preferredcompositions and preparations according to the present invention areprepared so that a parenteral dosage unit contains between 0.01 to 10milligrams of active compound.

The solutions or suspensions for topical or parenteral administrationmay also include the following components: a sterile diluent such aswater for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols,glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterialagents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such asascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents such asethylendiaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as acetates, citrates orphosphates and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodiumchloride or dextrose. The parenteral preparation can be enclosed inampules or disposable syringes; the topical preparation may be enclosedin multiple dose vials or dropping bottles, made of glass or plastic.

The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not tobe construed as limiting the invention. All temperatures are given indegrees Centigrade.

EXAMPLE 17β-Acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione

To a solution of 200 mg of7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α,6β-dihydroxylabd-14-en-11-one in 60 ml drypyridine was added 300 mg of selenium dioxide. The mixture was heated toreflux with stirring under a Dri-Rite drying tube. After 18 hr, themixture was cooled, diluted with 50 ml of ether and filtered. Thesolvent was removed in vacuo, the residue taken up in ether and filteredthrough silica. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue wasrecrystallized from ether-hexane to give 68 mg (32%) of product, mp185°-187° C.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₂ H₃₂ O₈ : 62.25%C: 7.59%H: Found: 61.92%C:7.51%H.

EXAMPLE 27β-Acetoxy-8,13-epoxy1α,6β,11-trihydroxylabd-9(11),14-dien-12-one

To a stirred solution of 52 mg of7β-acetoxy-8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,9α-trihydroxylabd-14-en-11,12-dione in 4 mlof glacial acetic acid was added in one portion 50 mg of zinc dust. Thesuspension was stirred at ambient temperature for 15 min, then dilutedwith 10 ml of water. The aqueous phase was thrice extracted with ether.The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous magnesiumsulfate, filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo. The residuecrystallized to give 42.2 mg (94%) of product, mp 89°-91°.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₂ H₃₂ O₇ : 64.69%C: 7.90%H: Found: 64.76%C:8.02%H.

EXAMPLE 38,13-Epoxy-1α,6β,7β-triacetoxy-11-hydroxylabd-9(11),14-dien-12-one

To a solution of 150 mg of8,13-epoxy-1α,6β,7β-triacetoxylabd-14-en-11-one in 30 ml of pyridine wasadded 200 mg of selenium dioxide. The mixture was heated to reflux withstirring under a Dri-Rite drying tube. After 18 hr the mixture wascooled, diluted with 50 ml ether and filtered. The solvent was removedin vacuo and the residue taken up in ether and filtered through silica.The filtrate was concentrated to give 130.6 mg (84%) of product, mp214°-216° (dec).

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₆ H₃₆ O₉ : 63.40%C: 7.37%H: Found: 63.17%C:7.49%H.

EXAMPLE 4 7β-Acetoxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-1,6,11-trione

To a solution of 200 mg of7β-acetoxy-1α,6β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11-one in 60 ml oftoluene was added first 480 mg of benzeneseleninic anhydride then 200 mgof sodium hydride (50% dispersion in oil). The mixture was heated toreflux with stirring under nitrogen. After 24 hr the mixture was cooledto ambient temperature, the solids were filtered and the solvent removedin vacuo. The residue was chromatographed on silica using 4:1hexane/ethyl acetate eluent to provide 78.9 mg (40%) of product, mp127°-129°.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₂ H₃₀ O₆ : 67.67%C: 7.74%H: Found: 67.51%C:7.95%H.

EXAMPLE 5 1α,7β-Diacetoxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-6,11-dione

To a solution of 200 mg of1α,7β-diacetoxy-8,13-epoxy-6β-hydroxylabd-14-en-11-one in 25 ml of drytoluene was added first 200 mg of benzene seleninic anhydride then 30 mg(97%) sodium hydride. The mixture was stirred and heated to reflux undera Dririte drying tube. After 18 hr, the mixture was cooled and filtered.The filtrate was concentrated, taken up in 9:1 hexane/ethyl acetate, andchromatographed on silica. Evaporation of the appropriate fractionsafforded 93.6 mg (47%) of product, mp 163°-164°.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₄ H₃₄ O₇ : 66.33%C: 7.88%H: Found 66.07%C:7.71%H.

EXAMPLE 6 8,13-Epoxy-1α,6β,7β-triacetoxylabd-14-en-11-one

To a solution of 100 mg of1α,7β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxy-6β-acetoxylabd-14-en-11-one in 20 ml ofdichloromethane and 1 ml of triethylamine, was added 1 ml of aceticanhydride. The solution was heated to reflux for 8.0 hr. It was thenallowed to cool to room temperature, the volatiles were removed invacuo, and the residue filtered through silica gel using 3:1hexane/ethyl acetate eluent. The filtrate was concentrated to afford 102mg (84%) of product.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₆ H₃₈ O₈ : 65.25%C: 8.00%H: Found: 64.76%C:7.87%H.

EXAMPLE 7 6β-Acetoxy-1α,7β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11-one

In 20 ml of dry tetrahydrofuran, 100 mg of7β-acetoxy-1α,6β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11-one was dissolvedwith stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solution was cooled to-78° (dry ice-acetone bath) and 0.79 ml of 1M solution of lithiumbis(trimethylsilyl)amide in tetrahydrofuran was introduced. The mixturewas stirred for 30 min at -78°. The solution was poured into water andextracted with ether. The combined organic extracts were dried overanhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Thisresidue was recrystallized from hexane/ethyl acetate to give 79.8 mg(79.9%) of product.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₂ H₃₄ O₆ : 66.98%C: 8.69%H: Found: 66.48%C:8.68%H.

EXAMPLE 8 1α,7β-Diacetoxy-8,13-epoxy-6β-hydroxylabd-14-en-11-one

A solution of 1.0 g of7β-acetoxy-1α,6β-dihydroxy-8,13-epoxylabd-14-en-11-one in 40 ml oftriethylamine and 10 ml of acetic anhydride was heated to 90° withstirring under nitrogen. After 72 hr the mixture was cooled and thevolatiles were removed in vacuo. The residue was taken up in ether andfiltered through silica to give an oil that solidified. The solid wassubjected to flash chromatography in silica using 9:1 hexane/ethylacetate. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated togive 948 mg (87%) of product.

ANALYSIS: Calculated for C₂₄ H₃₀ O₇ : 66.03%C: 8.31%H: Found: 66.10%C:8.28%H. ##STR6##

I claim:
 1. A process for the preparation of a compound of theformulawherein: (a) R₁ is hydrogen, a group of the formula R₂ CO whereinR₂ is hydrogen or loweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group of theformula R₃ R₄ R₅ Si wherein R₃, R₄ and R₅ are loweralkyl of 1 to 6carbon atoms; (b) R₆ and R₇ are independently hydrogen, a group of theformula R₈ CO wherein R₈ is hydrogen, loweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms,CH₃ CHOH, HOCH₂ CHOH, ##STR7## or a group of the formula R₁₀ O(CH₂)_(n)wherein R₁₀ is independently hydrogen or loweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbonatoms and n is 2, 3, or 4; (c) R₉ is hydrogen; (d) R₆ and R₇ takentogether form a group of the formula CO or a group of the formula SO; oran optical or geometric isomer thereof which comprises contacting acompound of the formula ##STR8## wherein R₁, R₆ and R₇ are as above andR₉ is R₁₃ O wherein R₁₃ is hydrogen with zinc in the presence of analkanoic acid.
 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the alkanoic acid isacetic acid.
 3. A process for the preparation of a compound of theformula ##STR9## wherein R₁ and R₇ are groups of the formula R₂ CO andR₈ CO, respectively, wherein R₂ and R₈ are loweralkyl of 1 to 6 carbonatoms which comprises contacting a compound of the formula ##STR10##wherein R₁ and R₇ are as above with a compound of the formula ##STR11##wherein R₁₈ is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro ortrifluoromethyl in the presence of an alkali metal hydride.
 4. Theprocess of claim 3 wherein the alkali metal hydride is sodium hydride.5. The process of claim 3 wherein R₁₈ is hydrogen.
 6. The process ofclaim 3 wherein a solvent is employed.
 7. The process of claim 6 whereinthe solvent is an aromatic solvent.
 8. The process of claim 7 whereinthe aromatic solvent is toluene.